What types of solar panels are used in carports?

Solar carports in the UK primarily use crystalline silicon panels (monocrystalline or polycrystalline) and thin-film or semi-transparent PV modules, with design flexibility to match aesthetic and energy needs. Recent trends include bifacial panels (which capture light from both sides) and integration with EV charging infrastructure.

Core panel technologies

• Monocrystalline panels: High efficiency (18-22%) for limited roof space, often used by providers like Solisco and KaraSolar for residential carports.
• Polycrystalline panels: Cost-effective for larger commercial installations (e.g., Solspan’s Utilisol™ range) where space allows.
• Thin-film panels: Lightweight, flexible options (e.g., Polysolar’s PV glass) for curved or unconventional designs.
• Semi-transparent PV glass: Allows partial light passage (20-50% transparency) while generating power, popular for architecturally sensitive projects.

UK-specific considerations

• Material pairing: High-quality aluminum frames (Topregal) or British timber (KaraSolar’s oak/larch options) are commonly combined with solar modules.
• EV integration: Most systems (Solisco, Solspan) now include Rolec EV chargers made in the UK, with battery storage compatibility.
• Planning guidance: England’s permitted development rights generally allow carports up to 4m high without planning permission if not in conservation areas.

Key practical advice

Pros:
▸ Dual-purpose design: Shade vehicles while generating 2,000-4,500 kWh/year for a typical 4kW system.
▸ Future-proofing: Many installers (Polysolar, KaraSolar) use modular designs allowing easy capacity expansion.

Cons:
▸ Cost: £8,000-£20,000+ for residential installations, but eligible for VAT reduction (5% for energy-saving materials).
▸ Maintenance: Timber structures (e.g., KaraSolar’s products) require periodic treatment compared to aluminum.

Common mistakes:

1. Underspecifying foundations: Steel-reinforced concrete footings are critical for timber installations in high-wind areas.
2. Ignoring orientation: South-facing 10-15° tilts maximize generation – compromise is needed for north-facing driveways.
3. Overlooking local policies: Some councils restrict carport heights or materials in AONBs/listed property curtilages.

Emerging developments

• Bifacial panels: Being tested in large commercial installations (e.g., Solspan’s Gradasol Max™) to utilize reflected light.
• Smart charging: New systems prioritize carport energy for EV charging during peak sunlight hours.
• Green steel: Providers like KaraSolar now use British steel with lower embodied carbon in support structures.